In the twenty-sixth class of the Latin from Scratch course, we’ll study our last tense: the pluperfect subjunctive in the active voice. It is the anteriority equivalent of the imperfect subjunctive in many constructions we’ll learn soon.
I explain everything in the following video (⏳ 02m 51s ⌛):

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Morphology of the Latin pluperfect subjunctive
The pluperfect subjunctive is quite simple to form:
- perfect stem
- pluperfect subjunctive morpheme ĭssē
- active endings
The result is the following table:
1st conjugation | 2nd conjugation | 3rd conjugation | mixed conjugation | 4th conjugation |
---|---|---|---|---|
amavissem amavisses amavisset amavissemus amavissetis amavissent | monuissem monuisses monuisset monuissemus monuissetis monuissent | duxissem duxisses duxisset duxissemus duxissetis duxissent | cepissem cepisses cepisset cepissemus cepissetis cepissent | audivissem audivisses audivisset audivissemus audivissetis audivissent |
Pluperfect subjunctive of the verb sum
It is formed in exactly the same way.
fuissem
fuisses
fuisset
fuissemus
fuissetis
fuissent



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This is the last class on the morphology of the tenses in the active voice, both in the indicative and in the subjunctive moods. Before studying the most frequent structures for the subjunctive tenses, let’s practice with some simpler uses of the subjunctive.
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