Latin from scratch #11.26: The active subjunctive pluperfect tense

In the twenty-sixth class of the Latin from Scratch course, we’ll study our last tense: the pluperfect subjunctive in the active voice. It is the anteriority equivalent of the imperfect subjunctive in many constructions we’ll learn soon.

I explain everything in the following video (⏳ 02m 51s ⌛):

Morphology of the Latin pluperfect subjunctive

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The pluperfect subjunctive is quite simple to form:

1. perfect stem
2. pluperfect subjunctive morpheme ĭssē
3. active endings

The result is the following table:

1st conjugation	2nd conjugation	3rd conjugation	mixed conjugation	4th conjugation
amavissem amavisses amavisset amavissemus amavissetis amavissent	monuissem monuisses monuisset monuissemus monuissetis monuissent	duxissem duxisses duxisset duxissemus duxissetis duxissent	cepissem cepisses cepisset cepissemus cepissetis cepissent	audivissem audivisses audivisset audivissemus audivissetis audivissent

Pluperfect subjunctive of the verb sum

It is formed in exactly the same way.

fuissem
fuisses
fuisset
fuissemus
fuissetis
fuissent

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This is the last class on the morphology of the tenses in the active voice, both in the indicative and in the subjunctive moods. Before studying the most frequent structures for the subjunctive tenses, let’s practice with some simpler uses of the subjunctive.

Next: The active subjunctive pluperfect tense →