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Latin from scratch course › #11: Subjunctive › #11.23: Imperfect

Latin from scratch #11.23: The active subjunctive imperfect tense

In the twenty-third class of the Latin from Scratch course, we’ll study the imperfect past subjuntive in the active voice. It is probably the most frequent subjunctive tense, since it appears quite often in constructions with cum and ut.

I explain everything in the following video (⏳ 06m 27s ⌛):

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Morphology of the Latin imperfect subjunctive

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It is made up of the following parts:

  1. present stem
  2. linking ĕ (3rd and mixed conjugations)
  3. imperfect subjunctive morpheme rē
  4. active endings

A simpler way to put it would be:

  1. active present infinitive
  2. active endings

The result is the following table:

1st conjugation2nd conjugation3rd conjugationmixed conjugation4th conjugation
amarem
amares
amaret
amaremus
amaretis
amarent
monerem
moneres
moneret
moneremus
moneretis
monerent
ducerem
duceres
duceret
duceremus
duceretis
ducerent
caperem
caperes
caperet
caperemus
caperetis
caperent
audirem
audires
audiret
audiremus
audiretis
audirent

Imperfect subjunctive of the verb sum

According to the little trick we’ve just given, the imperfect subjunctive of the verb sum works exactly the same: on top of the infinitive esse we add directly the active endings.

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essem
esses
esset
essemus
essetis
essent

That’s it! Quite easy, this tense. Now let’s continue with the next one.

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Next: The active subjunctive imperfect tense →

Paco Álvarez

About Paco Álvarez

I’m Paco Álvarez, a Spanish classical philologist. For years I’ve been teaching Latin and Greek online to Spanish students. When I saw there was nothing like my AcademiaLatin.com for English-speaking Latin lovers, I decided to create it myself, and that’s how LatinFromScratch.com was born.

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Course content

  1. Quick start
  2. Introduction
  3. Cases and their functions
  4. The five declensions
  5. First declension
  6. Verbal conjugation
  7. Present tense
  8. Second declension
  9. 2-1-2 adjectives
  10. Imperfect past tense
  11. Future tense
  12. Third declension nouns
  13. Third declension adjectives
  14. Perfect past tense
  15. Adverbials of place
  16. Fourth declension
  17. Fifth declension
  18. Pluperfect tense
  19. Possessives
  20. Personal pronouns
  21. Apposition
  22. Predicative complement
  23. Present subjunctive
  24. Imperfect subjunctive
  25. Perfect subjunctive
  26. Perfect future indicative
  27. Pluperfect subjunctive
  28. Syntax of cum
  29. Syntax of ut & ne
  30. Comparison of adjectives
  31. Superlative adjectives
  32. Adverbs from adjectives
  33. Demonstratives
  34. Relative clauses
  35. Passive voice
  36. Deponent verbs
  37. Relative time
  38. Participles: morphology
  39. Participles: syntax
  40. Infinitives
  41. Compounds of sum
  42. Irregular verbs
  43. Imperative

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