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Latin from scratch course › #17: Passive voice

Latin from scratch #17: The passive voice

In the seventeenth module of the Latin from Scratch course, we’ll study the passive voice: the morphology of all the tenses of the indicative and the subjunctive, and the specific features of sentences in the passive voice.

Class on the perfect tense

  1. Morphosyntax of the passive voice (14m 24s)

Practice: morphosyntactic analysis and translation (17)

In this occasion we will translate a few isolated sentences and a short text (taken from the lectio XIX in Hartke’s Ludus Latinus).

Catilina ipse ab Antonio consule proelio interficitur.

Civitas fortiter ab omnibus civibus defendebatur.

Cum oppidum ab hostibus oppugnaretur, ab incolis fortiter defensum est.

Cum multa arma haberent, tamen capti sunt.

Arminius regulos populorum finitimorum convocavit et: «Agri nostri», inquit, «a Romanis occupati sunt. Patria nostra quasi provincia Romana administratur; nos quasi servi Romanorum sumus. Nonne satis diu vexati sumus? Liberate patriam!».

Here you have the statements of the words appearing in the translation for this module. It is important for you to learn the vocabulary. To compel you to do so, I won’t usually repeat words from previous modules.

For the sentences:

  • Catilina, Catilinae — Catiline (Roman politician)
  • consul, consulis — consul
  • proelium, proelii — battle
  • interficio, interficere, interfeci, interfectum — kill
  • fortiter — courageously
  • defendo, defendere, defendi, defensum — defend
  • oppugno, oppugnare, oppugnavi, oppugnatum — attack, assault
  • capio, capere, cepi, captum — capture, seize

For the text:

  • Arminius, Arminii — Arminius (German general)
  • regulus, reguli — chieftain
  • finitimus, finitima, finitimum — neighboring
  • convoco, convocare, convocavi, convocatum — summon, assemble
  • occupo, occupare, occupavi, occupatum — occupy
  • quasi — as if
  • administro, administrare, administravi, administratum — manage
  • nonne — interrogative particle expecting an affirmative answer
  • satis — enough
  • diu — (for a) long time
  • vexo, vexare, vexavi, vexatum — vex, harass, molest

Review of the translations

Once you have finished with the analysis and translations, now it’s time to review them on the screen.

⚠️ Even if you think you’ve done everything correctly, it is very important for you to always check the review, since that’s where we actually practice and check what we have learned. You’ve already seen that the analysis-translation process is quite systematic and strict at first, precisely so we can absorb everything we’re doing.

In the following video (⏳ 15m 22s ⌛) I analyze and translate the sentences:

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In the next module we’ll learn the continuation of the passive voice: the deponent verbs.

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Paco Álvarez

About Paco Álvarez

I’m Paco Álvarez, a Spanish classical philologist. For years I’ve been teaching Latin and Greek online to Spanish students. When I saw there was nothing like my AcademiaLatin.com for English-speaking Latin lovers, I decided to create it myself, and that’s how LatinFromScratch.com was born.

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Course content

  1. Quick start
  2. Introduction
  3. Cases and their functions
  4. The five declensions
  5. First declension
  6. Verbal conjugation
  7. Present tense
  8. Second declension
  9. 2-1-2 adjectives
  10. Imperfect past tense
  11. Future tense
  12. Third declension nouns
  13. Third declension adjectives
  14. Perfect past tense
  15. Adverbials of place
  16. Fourth declension
  17. Fifth declension
  18. Pluperfect tense
  19. Possessives
  20. Personal pronouns
  21. Apposition
  22. Predicative complement
  23. Present subjunctive
  24. Imperfect subjunctive
  25. Perfect subjunctive
  26. Perfect future indicative
  27. Pluperfect subjunctive
  28. Syntax of cum
  29. Syntax of ut & ne
  30. Comparison of adjectives
  31. Superlative adjectives
  32. Adverbs from adjectives
  33. Demonstratives
  34. Relative clauses
  35. Passive voice
  36. Deponent verbs
  37. Relative time
  38. Participles: morphology
  39. Participles: syntax
  40. Infinitives
  41. Compounds of sum
  42. Irregular verbs
  43. Imperative

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